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June 2024

Q1.1: Which one of the following was the first prophet in Islam?

Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Adam B Ismail C Musa D Nuh

Answer:

beliefs, practices and sources of authority. Answer: A Adam

Q1.2: Give two Muslim beliefs about the Prophet Ibrahim.

Answer:

beliefs, practices and sources of authority. considered for marking. He was sent by God to propagate the message of monotheism / known as the friend of Allah / father of the prophets / a man of faith / he reinstated monotheistic belief / broke the idols / he is a role model for Muslims / he was tested by God / obeyed God / God spoke to him / was willing to sacrifice his son / left his son and wife in the desert / re-built the Ka’aba, etc.

Q1.3: Explain two ways in which belief in predestination influences Muslims today.

Question 1 continues on the next page

Answer:

influence on individuals, communities and societies. To be a ‘detailed explanation’ the ‘influence’ of the way must be included. • Some Sunni Muslims believe that God has determined everything that will happen / this will give them comfort in times of hardship. • He has written down everything that is going to happen / this is recorded on the tablet or book of decrees / ‘Only what God has decreed will happen to us.’ (9:51). • It allows Muslim to trust Allah / they have faith that he will ensure justice on the Day of • Muslims believe they have free will and will choose their actions accordingly / as good actions are creditworthy Muslims are influenced to perform good actions. • It makes Muslims more God conscious / so they will try their best to live good lives. • They will take comfort in / the fact that all good and bad comes from Allah. • It gives them hope / knowing that the outcome of any action (good or bad) happens only by the will of God • God says ‘Be, and it is’ suggests that Allah has power over all things / as such humans are limited in their control in what they can do. • Some may lose hope when things don’t go well / this could lead to giving up in life if things are • It may make someone too reliant on God / instead of taking responsibility for their own actions. • Muslims may not be afraid of death / as the outcome is determined. • Some Shi’a Muslims believe that although God is omniscient he has given humans free will / ‘God does not change the condition of a people unless they change what is in themselves.’ (13:11) / this may influence them to try to improve themselves and become better Muslims, etc.

Q1.4: Explain two Muslim beliefs about God’s justice.

Refer to sacred writings or another source of Muslim belief and teaching in your answer.

Answer:

beliefs, practices and sources of authority. Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Muslim belief and teaching – 1 mark Justice is one of the qualities of Allah and part of the 99 names / it allows Muslims to be patient during difficult times / they believe that God will bring everyone to justice on the Day of Judgement so fairness will prevail / Muslims believe that God cannot be unjust / he will hold humans to account / it is part of core belief in Shi’a Islam / one of the Five Roots / Muslims should try to mimic this quality on earth / so they are able to be shown justice by God in the hereafter / this may be through giving money, time to charity to create a fairer world / they may volunteer and raise funds to help the poor and those less fortunate / they may stand up for just causes / the Qur’an and prophet taught to fight for justice, etc.

Sources of authority might include:

‘Allah enjoins justice and fair dealing.’ (16:90) ‘O you who believe, be upright for God, and be bearers of witness with justice.’ (5:8) ‘Surely Allah wrongs not even of the weight of an atom.’ (4:40) ‘Stand up firmly for justice, as a witness to God, even as against yourselves or your parents or your kin, and whether it be against rich or poor.’ (4:35) ‘Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Excellent is that which Allah instructs you. Indeed, Allah is ever Hearing and Seeing.’ (4:158) ‘If you would like God to be just to you on the Day of Judgement then be just to the people.’ (Hadith) Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.

Q1.5: ‘The Qur’an is the most important authority for a Muslim.’

Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • refer to Muslim teaching • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • reach a justified conclusion.

[SPaG 3 marks]

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Answer:

In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view [SPaG 3 marks] understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. evidence and information.

Arguments in support

• The Qur’an is the direct word of Allah and cannot be distorted / ‘Indeed, it is We Who sent this Quran down on the Night of Glory.’ (97:1) • The Prophet Muhammad was instructed to follow the Qur’an as the main source of guidance / ‘So once We have recited a revelation through Gabriel, follow its recitation closely.’ (75:18) • Those who do not use the Qur’an as a source of authority are considered non-believers / ‘Those who do not judge matters according to what Allah has revealed are unbelievers.’ (5:44) • The Qur’an covers all aspects of human life and is a comprehensive code of life / ‘We have sent the Scripture down to you explaining everything, and as guidance and mercy and good news to those who devote themselves to God.’ (16:89). • Some Hadith are open to change and alterations whereas God has vowed to protect the Qur’an / ‘Verily we have revealed it (the Qur’an) and we are the protectors of it.’ (15:9) • The Qur’an is a divine revelation / and as such is God talking to humans which is sufficient to live a good life. • The Qur’an is the main source of Shari’ah Law, etc.

Arguments in support of other views

• The Qur’an was revealed over 1400 years ago and the world has advanced since then / new technologies and advancement in technology means that there are many aspects of daily life that are not covered directly in the Qur’an, eg IVF, genetic engineering, mobile phones, internet. • The Qur’an does not include details of how to complete certain rituals like Salah and Zakah / the Hadith is needed to show how these rituals are to be performed. • Other authorities exist which help to guide people / parents help to nurture and guide their children / youth workers, councillors, police, government, friends are all other forms of guidance that are needed / they understand who we are and are able to guide us personally. • Some may be unsure about the religious meaning of the Qur’an / in which case they might need the support of the mosque and the imam. • Within Shia Islam the imam has greater / equal authority / the Shari’ah also consists of hadith and scholarly opinion which is deemed as an authority, etc.