FoxChild@Learn
Paper 2A Perspectives on faith (themes)
June 2023
Q1.1: Which one of the following is not a teaching in ‘The Theology of the Body’?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Couples should not have more children than they can provide for. B Men and women show their love for each other through sex. C People discover their dignity through the body. D Using artificial contraception strengthens a couple’s relationship.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: D Using artificial contraception strengthens a couple’s relationship.
Q1.2: Give two ways in which Christian parents can make a loving home for their children.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Ensuring that children feel secure / giving support / creating physical safety / providing what is neede food / clothing / shelter / education / bringing up with Christian values / promoting physical health / emotional health / spiritual health / praying with and for their children / showing respect to their childr / showing kindness / not ill-treating them in any way / fathers not provoking their children to anger (Ephesians 6:4) / but bringing them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord (Ephesians 6:4) / showing love to one another, etc.
Q1.3: Explain two contrasting views on homosexuality.
• You must refer to a Christian view. • Your contrasting view may come from Christianity or from another religious or non-religious tradition.
Question 1 continues on the next page
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs First contrasting view Second contrasting view Contrast may mean opposing or mean different views in terms of either belief or issue. Catholic teaching distinguishes between orientation and practice / 'the Church accepts without reservation those who experience homosexual feelings' (Youcat) / homosexual orientation is not sinf homosexual practices are sinful, etc. God created man and woman to complement each other and continue the human race / same sex marriage not permitted / not part of God’s purpose at creation, etc. Physical same-sex relationships contravene natural law / same-sex couples are unable to fulfil the procreative purpose of sex, etc. Homosexual relationships go against some biblical teaching / according to Leviticus they are unacceptable / Paul opposed same-sex practices, etc. Some Christians think Paul was referring to cultic prostitution / to promiscuous relationships / monogamous and loving same-sex relationships are not sinful, etc. Biblical views on homosexuality are outdated / modern science has shown that sexuality is complex all of God's creation is good / all humans are created in the image of God, etc. Same-sex relationships are legal / homosexuality is a protected characteristic within the law, etc. Same-sex marriage is acceptable / a human right / discriminatory to forbid it, etc.
Q1.4: Explain two Catholic beliefs about gender discrimination.
Refer to scripture or another source of Christian belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Christian belief and teaching – 1 mark It goes against biblical teachings on the equal value of women and men in the sight of God / Jesus treated all women with respect at a time when not all did so / examples of Paul working with both women and men, eg Phoebe / it is harmful / denies the fulfilment of potential / makes victims of it fee worthless and disheartened / it is unjust / denies the right to equal pay for women and men doing the same or similar work / it implies that one gender is inferior to the other / there may be differences in roles / an all-male priesthood is not discriminatory, etc. N.B. Credit answers referring to gender diversity.
Sources of authority:
‘So God created humankind in his image ... male and female he created them.' (Genesis 1:27) 'In the Lord woman is not independent of man or man independent of woman. For just as woman cam from man, so man comes through woman; but all things come from God.' (1 Corinthians 11:11–12) 'There is neither male nor female; for all of you are one in Christ Jesus.' (Galatians 3:28) 'Both man and woman are human beings to an equal degree.' (Mulieris Dignitatem 6) '... every type of discrimination ... is to be overcome and eradicated as contrary to God's will.' (Gaudi et Spes 29) 'God endowed men and women with identical dignity as persons ... Equal dignity and equal rights, nevertheless, do not mean uniformity.' (Youcat 401) Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q1.5: ‘The Catholic marriage vows (promises) are outdated.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you: • should give reasoned arguments in support of this statement • should give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • should refer to Christian arguments • may refer to non-religious arguments • should reach a justified conclusion.
Extra space
Q2 Theme B: Religion, peace and conflict
Answer:
In your answer you: • should give reasoned arguments in support of this statement • should give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support:
Making promises just makes it harder to sustain the relationship / the concept of lifelong marriage (referring to the promise 'till death do us part') is not realistic as people live much longer than in the p / people change as they grow older / changing situations (referring to the promises 'for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health) may damage the relationship irrevocably / depression affects far more people than in the past and this can put intolerable pressure on a marria / lengthy separation because of work commitments may make it much harder to remain faithful / soc media etc encourage a permissive approach to sexual relationships / the temptation to be unfaithful much stronger in today's world / the promise to be open to the gift of children is unacceptable in toda overpopulated world / the reduction in infant mortality and childhood deaths mean there is no need f a large family, etc.
Arguments in support of other views:
Promises at the outset give an ideal to live up to / Jesus said none should separate what God has joined / Jesus' teaching valid for all time / self-giving love is never out of date / lifelong commitment gives a sense of security to couples / it encourages working through difficulties rather than just givin up / faithfulness creates greater stability for the family / and deepens the love between the couple / 'love is perfected in fidelity' (Kierkegaard, quoted in Youcat) / natural family planning enables couple regulate the number of children while still keeping the promise made, etc. Q2 Theme B: Religion, peace and conflict
Q2.1: Which one of the following gives the meaning of the term ‘conflict resolution’?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Creating peace between enemies. B Encouraging enemies to go to war. C Making the two sides angry with each other. D Supplying both sides in a conflict with the same amount of weapons.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: A Creating peace between enemies
Q2.2: Give two reasons why Christians believe that terrorism is wrong.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Contravenes 5th (6th) Commandment / does not fulfil Jesus' teaching 'Love your enemies' / or 'Love your neighbour' / an act of indiscriminate violence / a weapon of fear / loss of innocent life / physical harm / emotional trauma / psychological damage / causes new problems / it does not fulfil the Just W criteria / it is illegal, etc.
Q2.3: Explain two contrasting Old Testament teachings about going to war (armed conflict).
• You must refer to a Christian teaching. • Your contrasting teaching may come from Christianity or from another religious or non-religious tradition.
Question 2 continues on the next page
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs First contrasting teaching Second contrasting teaching Contrast may mean opposing or mean different views in terms of either belief or issue. If similar views are given, only one of them may be credited up to 2 marks max. Holy War is acceptable / commanded by God / fighting God's enemies / eg at Battle of Jericho, etc. Defensive wars are justified / to drive out invaders / protection of family and nation / eg story of David and Goliath, etc. It was needed to establish a foothold in Canaan / the land promised by God / in God's covenant with Prophetic longing for an end to war / 'nation shall not lift up sword against nation' / 'they shall beat the swords into ploughshares', etc. 'Love your neighbour as yourself' (Leviticus) / war does not show love / the Law taught Jews to show compassion to foreigners / some extend the 5th (6th) Commandment to war / 'do not kill', etc.
Q2.4: Explain two Christian views about anger as a response to injustice.
Refer to scripture or another source of Christian belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Christian belief and teaching – 1 mark Righteous anger is acceptable / the right response to acts of evil / it helps to restore justice / controlle anger can change a situation for the better / but anger is the root of hate / it leads to murder / it cause conflict / it damages both the person who is angry and the one on the receiving end / it shows a lack self-control and self-discipline / one of the Seven Deadly Sins, etc.
Sources of authority:
Story of Cain and Abel (Genesis 4) 'But I say to you that if you are angry with a brother or sister, you will be liable to judgement.' (Matthe The story of Jesus clearing the Temple courts. (Mark 11:15–18) 'Be angry but do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger.' (Ephesians 4:26) 'All uncontrolled anger ... detrimental to peace.' (Youcat 396) Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q2.5: ‘The consequences (results) of going to war are never good.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you: • should give reasoned arguments in support of this statement • should give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • should refer to Christian arguments • may refer to non-religious arguments • should reach a justified conclusion.
Extra space
Q3 Theme C: Religion, human rights and social justice
Answer:
In your answer you: • should give reasoned arguments in support of this statement • should give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support:
War ruins God's good creation / causes environmental damage / leads to death of and injury to thos created in God's image / breaches concept of sanctity of life / discourages love of neighbour / harms innocent individuals and communities / intensifies hatred and bitterness / creates the desire for reve / creates refugees / causes homelessness / destroys the infrastructure and economies of whole societies / leads to trauma and guilt on the part of those who have taken part in war / the harmful consequences of using weapons of mass destruction are long term / the use of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima led to birth defects / and to a high rate of certain cancers / the use of chemical weapons h caused permanent physical disability and psychological trauma / there is no victory; 'it is always a defeat for humanity' (John Paul II), etc.
Arguments in support of other views:
Just War theory accepts that sometimes war is justified by its aims / eg short-term harm may lead to long-term good and peace / it may lead to a better future than there would have been, had no war taken place / it may bring freedom to oppressed peoples / and lead to a bond of trust between the liberator and the liberated / it may put a stop to ethnic cleansing / or to the development of weapons mass destruction / carefully targeted use of modern weapons might end war more quickly, meaning that less lives are lost and less damage to the environment is done, etc. Q3 Theme C: Religion, human rights and social justice
Q3.1: Which one of the following means taking unfair advantage of the poor?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Exploitation B Justice C Protection D Responsibility
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: A Exploitation
Q3.2: Give two causes of poverty.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority War / unfair trade / greed / debt / corruption / drought / polluted water / famine / lack of protein, vitam etc / earthquakes / floods / disease / unemployment / inflation / rising cost of living / homelessness, e
Q3.3: Explain two contrasting views about stewardship of wealth.
• You must refer to a Christian view. • Your contrasting view may come from Christianity or from another religious or non-religious tradition.
Question 3 continues on the next page
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs First contrasting view Second contrasting view Contrast may mean opposing or mean different views in terms of either belief or issue. If similar views are given, only one of them may be credited up to 2 marks max. All are created in the image of God / a matter of justice / should all have equal access to what is needed / 'How does God's love abide in anyone who has the world's goods and sees a brother or sis in need and yet refuses help?' (1 John 3:17), etc. Wealth is a gift from God / humans have a responsibility to share wealth / 'the rich are to do good, to rich in good works, generous, and ready to share' (1 Timothy 6:18), etc. Some Christians choose to give away all their wealth and serve the community / Jesus' advice to the rich man, etc. The importance of using wealth wisely is shown in the parable of the talents / stewardship of wealth means investing and using wealth appropriately for the benefit of all, etc. It is the right of individuals to decide how to use their wealth / people have a right to keep what has been earned by hard work, etc. It is the responsibility of individuals to provide for themselves and their families / receiving financial h can encourage dependency and laziness, etc.
Q3.4: Explain two Christian beliefs about justice.
Refer to scripture or another source of Christian belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Christian belief and teaching God judges all people / in accordance with what they deserve / human justice should reflect God's justice / God treats everyone fairly / so humans should treat everyone fairly /and with respect / it mea ensuring that all have equal opportunity to fulfil their potential / should be available to those who nee / a human right / there should be no negative discrimination / positive discrimination is seen by some a way of achieving justice / justice does not prohibit punishment for crime, but it determines the way which it is given and its purpose, etc.
Sources of authority:
'You shall not render an unjust judgement; you shall not be partial to the poor or defer to the great: w justice you shall judge your neighbour.' (Leviticus 19:15) '...seek justice...' (Isaiah 1:17) 'But let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-rolling stream.' (Amos 5:24) 'Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.' (Matthew 5:6) 'But I say to you, Love your enemies ... so that you may be children of your Father in heaven; for he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the righteous and on the unrighteous.' (Matthew 5:44) 'A peaceful society is one built upon justice. The guiding principle of justice is: 'To each his due'.' Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q3.5: ‘If everyone obeyed Christian teachings, there would be no need for laws about
human rights.’ Evaluate this statement. In your answer you: • should give reasoned arguments in support of this statement • should give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • should refer to Christian arguments • may refer to non-religious arguments • should reach a justified conclusion.
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Answer:
In your answer you: • should give reasoned arguments in support of this statement • should give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support:
Christian teaching claims that all humans are created in the image of God / so all are equal before G / 'love your neighbour as you love yourself' / Galatians 3:28 teaches that racial, social and gender distinctions are meaningless / for all are united in Christ and are of equal worth / this means that all have the right to be treated with respect / all human life is sacred / the Old Testament says 'Defend widows and the fatherless' / ie protect the most vulnerable in society from exploitation, etc.
Arguments in support of other views:
Some denominations do not permit same-sex marriages / so there is the need for a law giving this ri / the view that same-sex relationships are sinful encourages homophobia / teachings on abortion an contraception are too restrictive / not everyone is Christian, so they would probably not agree with Christian teachings / people may choose to ignore teachings, so there is a need for laws that guaran human rights / Christian teachings may be misinterpreted / people’s consciences need to be educate laws giving rights are created to protect the whole of society or humankind / the implications of Christian teachings for human rights are not always clear / other religions and secular philosophies follow principles that support human rights, so Christian teaching is not needed to ensure this, etc.