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Paper 2Y Perspectives on faith (Judaism)
June 2021
Q1.1: Which one of the following gives the meaning of ‘Pikuach Nefesh’?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Kindness to others B Charity C Healing the world D Saving life
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: D Saving life
Q1.2: Give two Jewish beliefs about the nature of God.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority God is one / omnipotent / omniscient / merciful / all-loving / just / Judge / Creator / Law-Giver, etc
Q1.3: Explain two ways in which belief in free will influences the lives of Jews.
Question 1 continues on the next page
Answer:
influence on individuals, communities and societies To be a ‘detailed explanation’, the influence of the way must be included. They will use God’s gift of free will to make choices that will please God / obeying the mitzvot is a rig use of free will / which God has also given them to provide guidance in making those choices, etc Jews will want to make choices that will guarantee a favourable verdict on the Day of Judgement / as having free will means that they also have moral responsibility / moral choices made have consequences / as shown in the story of Adam and Eve, etc The ceremonies of Bar and Bat Mitzvah reinforce the belief in free will / Jewish boys and girls recogn and accept that they are now fully responsible for fulfilling the requirements of the Torah / their paren have discharged their duty, etc.
Q1.4: Explain two Jewish beliefs about resurrection.
Refer to scripture or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark Some Jews believe in a physical resurrection after death / the body must therefore be buried, not cremated / some Jews believe in a spiritual resurrection / the body perishes / the soul receives a spiritual body / some Jews link the idea of resurrection to the Day of Judgement / and to the coming the Messianic Age / when the Messiah comes, the righteous dead will be raised to new life / some do not believe in resurrection, etc.
Sources of authority:
‘Your dead shall live, their corpses shall rise.’ (Isaiah 27:19) ‘Many of those that sleep in the dust of the earth will awake, some to eternal life, others to reproaches…’ (Daniel 12:2) ‘You shall rise for your reward at the end of the days.’ (Daniel 12:13) Those who do not believe in the resurrection ‘have no share in the world to come’ (Mishnah) Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q1.5: ‘It is impossible for Jews today to keep all the Ten Commandments.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • refer to Jewish teaching • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Q2 Judaism: Practices
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support
The pressures of modern life make Shabbat observance very difficult / members of sports teams ma be required to participate on Saturdays / it may be difficult to honour parents by caring for them whe they are frail if children’s jobs take them to other parts of the world / the pressures that come from liv in a materialist society may make it impossible not to covet what others have / some commandment may seem meaningless, such as the commandment not to worship carved images, etc.
Arguments in support of other views
Keeping all the Commandments is the responsibility of every Jew as a member of God’s chosen people / it is Israel’s response to God’s promises made in the Sinai covenant / Shabbat observance may require sacrifices in relation to the secular world but reinforces family and community bonds / bringing spiritual benefits to the individual / respect can still be shown to parents even if separated b thousands of miles / today’s technology makes that possible / many of the Ten Commandments form the basis of secular societies’ outlook / all the Commandments are relevant in today’s world / the commandment relating to images can be reinterpreted to mean not making idols of possessions, celebrities etc / in today’s materialist and sexualised society, Jews set an example by keeping commandments that prohibit adultery, perjury and covetousness, etc. [Plus SPaG 3 mar Q2 Judaism: Practices
Q2.1: Which one of the following is the standing prayer?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Bimah B Amidah C Talmud D Trefah
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: B Amidah
Q2.2: Give two ways in which many Jews celebrate Shabbat in the home.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Lighting the candles to welcome in Shabbat / Friday evening meal / studying the Torah / the Havdala ceremony on Saturday / a time for rest from everyday concerns / spending time with family / observin the 39 prohibitions / not cooking / not using computers, etc.
Q2.3: Explain two contrasting Jewish views about Jewish dietary (food) laws.
Question 2 continues on the next page
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs If similar ways are given, only one of them may be credited up to 2 marks. Many Orthodox Jews believe the laws were given by God to Moses / as a test of their obedience / a way of setting them apart as the people of God / they must therefore be obeyed to the letter, etc They are also seen as a call to Jews to be God’s holy people / they help them develop self-control / they are a constant reminder of what it means to be a Jew, etc Many Reform Jews do not think they were given to Moses by God / but developed over time as a wa of being distinct from non-Jews, eg in the exilic period / therefore keeping them is not an essential pa of the Jewish faith / it is up to the individual to decide, etc.
Q2.4: Explain two reasons why Pesach is important for Jews in Great Britain today.
Refer to scripture or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark A reminder of the all-loving nature of God / of his omnipotence / of the act of deliverance that confirm to the Jews that they were God’s chosen people / encourages trust in God’s continuing power to deli from crises in the future / celebrating Pesach creates a link with the past / intensifies the awareness o being part of God’s covenant people / reinforces the importance of the family / a time for celebrating God’s many deliverances of Jews throughout history / the meaning of the symbolic foods eaten at th seder meal / the rituals relating to Elijah express the belief that the Messiah will return at Pesach / an inaugurate the Messianic Age in Jerusalem, etc.
Sources of authority:
‘I will free you from the labours of the Egyptian…I will redeem you with an outstretched arm…And I w take you to be my people, and I will be your God.’ (Exodus 6:6-7) ‘And when your children ask you “What does this ceremony mean to you?” then tell them, “It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt…”’ (Exodus ‘Next year in Jerusalem.’ (Pesach Haggadah) Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q2.5: ‘The Brit Milah (circumcision) ceremony is more important for Jews than the
Bar Mitzvah ceremony.’ Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • refer to Jewish teaching • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Question . number .
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216G8063/2Y
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support
It is the ritual that makes the child part of God’s chosen people / it links him to Abraham, the father o the Jews / the covenant blessings now apply to him / it gives him the privilege and responsibility of obeying the mitzvot / and of playing his part in the Jewish community / it has great cultural significan and gives a sense of identity / as seen in the fact that many non-observant Jews nevertheless have their sons ritually circumcised at 8 days / its importance is seen in the fact that it takes precedence o the Shabbat prohibition of work, etc.
Arguments in support of other views
The child had no understanding of or say in what happened when he was eight days old / he could n play his part in the Jewish community or keep the mitzvot as a baby / at the age of twelve he is able understand what it means to be part of the Jewish faith / and to take on the responsibilities / he now becomes an adult in his religion / he is responsible for keeping or failing to keep the mitzvot / he reinforces the importance of the Jewish community through helping to form the minyan, etc. [Plus SPaG 3 mar