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Paper 2Y Perspectives on faith (Judaism)
June 2020
Q1.1: Which one of the following explains the meaning of the term ‘Shekhinah’?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A God as the creator B The divine presence C The sanctity of human life D Healing the world
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: B The divine presence
Q1.2: Give two Jewish beliefs about the role of the Messiah.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority The Messiah will restore the Davidic dynasty / will bring justice and righteousness / will bring in a reig of universal peace / will gather Jews from the ends of the earth and bring them back to Israel / will bu or rebuild the Temple / and establish Jerusalem as the centre of government / will restore full obedience to the Torah, etc.
Q1.3: Explain two ways in which God’s covenant with Abraham influences the lives of
21st century Jews.
Question 1 continues on the next page
Answer:
influence on individuals, communities and societies To be a ‘detailed explanation’, the ‘influence’ of the way must be included. The promise of land / Jews regard Israel as their homeland / the Pesach toast of ‘next year in The promise of descendants to Abraham / the Jews see him as their spiritual father / his trust in God promises against all the odds encourages Jews to trust in God’s faithfulness, etc. Abraham as a source of blessing to humanity / a reminder to Jews that being God’s chosen people is responsibility rather than a privilege / they are called to make the world a better place, etc. Requirement that Abraham and his household be circumcised / as a sign of the covenant / ceremony Brit Milah, etc. ‘I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless’ (Genesis 17:1) / monotheist belief / observan of mitzvot to ensure ritual purity, etc.
Q1.4: Explain two Jewish beliefs about God as One.
Refer to scripture or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark God is the sole creator / this means he alone is the source of everything that exists / he is indivisible prayer must be made to him alone / no worship of idols / God rules over everything / he is omnipoten nothing happens without God’s permission / God knows what will happen / he is omniscient / he is absolutely holy and perfect / and so many Jews do not use the word ‘God’ / they write ‘G-d’ or use th term ‘Hashem’, etc.
Sources of authority:
‘Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one’ (the Shema) ‘You shall have no other gods before me’ (Exodus 20:2) ‘I am the Lord there is no other’ (Isaiah 45:6) ‘God is the King of all the earth’ (Psalm 47:7) Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q1.5: ‘For Jews today, the mitzvot between man and man are more important than the
mitzvot between man and God.’ Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • refer to Jewish teaching • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Q2 Judaism: Practices
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support
Many of the mitzvot between man and God are ritual / they cannot be performed now that the Temp does not exist / they belong to an ancient culture / are no longer relevant to life in modern society / th meaning of some is not at all clear / they are too difficult to keep, eg the complex food laws / it is too difficult in many work environments to observe all prayer requirements / the rules dealing with relationships with other people are far more important because they relate to daily life / saving a life takes priority over other mitzvot / eg Shabbat rules may be broken in a life and death situation / the mitzvot between man and man affect daily life more than those between man and God / those betwe man and man promote peace and justice / and contribute to healing the world, which is in accordanc with God’s purposes for his creation, etc.
Arguments in support of other views
The relationship between an individual and God is the basis of everything else in life / in the Ten Commandments, the laws relating to duty to God come before those about duty to others / Moses d not differentiate between laws / all to him were an essential part of the covenant relationship / the fa that the meaning of some cannot be understood is a test of obedience to and trust in God and his purpose / so it is essential to keep them / the fact that saving a life takes priority over Shabbat does diminish the latter’s significance, etc. [Plus SPaG 3 ma Q2 Judaism: Practices
Q2.1: Which one of the following refers to the written law (the Jewish scriptures)?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A The Talmud B The Amidah C The Tenakh D The Mishnah
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: C The Tenakh
Q2.2: Give two rituals performed in Jewish marriage ceremonies.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Under the chuppah / couple face Jerusalem / bride brought in by her mother / wedding contract read out / bride circles the groom / groom gives a ring / marriages are ‘according to the law of Moses and Israel’ / seven blessings recited / groom smashes glass underfoot, etc.
Q2.3: Explain two contrasting ways in which the design of Orthodox synagogues is different
from the design of Reform synagogues.
Question 2 continues on the next page
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs If similar ways are given, only one of them may be credited up to 2 marks. Orthodox: women sit separately from men / often in a gallery / or curtained off / to prevent distraction Reform: men and women sit together / stresses the equal roles of men and women in worship, etc. Orthodox: the bimah is in the centre / a reminder of the altar in the Temple / during the wilderness wanderings, the Tabernacle (tent containing the Ark) was in the centre of the camp / the idea also of the Torah’s teachings going out from the Jewish community to the whole world. Reform: the bimah is often at the front, alongside the Ark / a sign of its importance as the place from which the Torah is read, etc. Orthodox: all face the bimah / showing its importance as the place from which the Torah is read. Reform: all face the Ark when seated / represents the Holy of Holies / the most holy place in the Temple and now in the synagogue / contains the Torah scrolls / facing Jerusalem, etc. Orthodox: the person leading the worship has his back to the people / facing in the same direction as the congregation when praying / facing the Ark / facing Jerusalem. Reform: for most of the service, the person leading the worship faces the congregation / enables mo structured worship, etc.
Q2.4: Explain two reasons why Yom Kippur is important for Jews in Great Britain today.
Refer to scripture or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark It is the Day of Atonement / the day when the Jews as a people and as individuals are reconciled wit God / a day for asking God to release them from obligations to God that were not kept in the past ye to start again with a clean sheet / the fasting, the prohibitions and the five services are an opportunity deepen faith and devotion / the Ark is closed at the end of the final service as a symbol that God’s fin judgement on the past year has been made / a link to Jewish history and the keeping of Yom Kippur the past / the reading of the book of Jonah stresses the importance of repentance / and of the mercy God towards the whole of humanity, etc.
Sources of authority:
‘It is the day of atonement, when atonement is made for you before the Lord your God’ (Leviticus ‘For on this day atonement shall be made for you to cleanse you from all sins’ (Leviticus 16:30) ‘Now the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement.’ (Leviticus 23:27-32) ‘On the tenth day of this seventh month, you shall have a holy convocation, and deny yourselves; yo shall do no work.’ (Numbers 29:7) References to the book of Jonah Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q2.5: ‘For Jews, the best form of worship is private prayer.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • refer to Jewish teaching • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Question . number .
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206G8063/2Y
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support
It is easier to concentrate in private than in the synagogue, where there might be distractions / the ri does not get in the way / the quieter atmosphere assists devotion / the requirement to pray three tim daily and to say certain prayers can still be met / additional personal prayers can more easily be add / the individual relationship with God is more easily developed / the style of prayer can be adapted to meet the needs of the individual, etc.
Arguments in support of other views
Worship in the synagogue creates a deeper awareness of being part of the community, which is an essential part of Judaism / being with other Jews gives support to faith / certain prayers require a minyan / hearing the Torah readings / and sermons based on them increases understanding of the f / the rituals performed in the synagogue have a deep meaning / seeing the Ark, the Torah scrolls an the everlasting light reinforces the awareness of God’s presence / and of being part of a faith that go back for thousands of years, etc. [Plus SPaG 3 ma