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Paper 2Y Perspectives on faith (Judaism)
June 2022
Q1.1: Which one of the following is a key moral principle in Judaism?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Covenant B Justice C Monotheism D Resurrection
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: B Justice
Q1.2: Give two Jewish beliefs about the sanctity of human life.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Life is holy / sacred / given by God / only God has the right to take it away / no euthanasia / preservin life is a duty for all Jews / saving a life (Pikuach Nefesh) takes priority over almost all other mitzvot, e
Q1.3: Explain two ways in which the religious beliefs about God as Creator are similar in
Judaism and in the main religious tradition of Great Britain. You should name the main religious tradition of Great Britain in your answer.
Question 1 continues on the next page
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs First similar way Second similar way If contrasting ways are given, only one of them may be credited up to 2 marks. Note that her ‘similar’ beliefs will include different similar beliefs. God is the sole Creator of the universe / he alone is omnipotent / he is absolutely transcendent, etc. God’s creation is good / he created it as ordered / it reflects the nature of God the Creator / it is mean to bring him glory by fulfilling his purpose for it, etc. God is the sustainer of the universe / he is the sole reason for its continued existence, etc. Christians and Jews share the same scriptures about creation / God’s creative activity is described in Genesis 1 and 2 / eg when God said ‘Let there be light’, there was light / some take this literally / oth as myth, etc. NB Maximum of two marks for answers that do not name the main religious tradition of Great Britain. An answer stating that both religions believe in only one God may be given 1 mark, but for the development mark to be awarded, there must be explicit reference to God as Creator, eg ‘Christians and Jews believe that there is only one God who has power over creation’ would be awarded 2 mark ‘Christians and Jews believe that there is only one God, who is omnipotent’ would be awarded 1 mar
Q1.4: Explain two reasons why Moses is important to Jews.
Refer to scripture or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark As a baby he survived the slaughter of all Hebrew male babies to become a leader / vision of God at the burning bush / revelation of the divine name / asked Pharaoh to release the slaves / his pronouncement initiated the plagues / liberated the Israelites from slavery / encouraged the Israelites have faith when they seemed to be trapped / he enabled them to cross the sea / led them safely through the wilderness / mediated the covenant between God and Israel / received the Ten Commandments / gave the Torah / as a prophet / he revealed God’s will / the greatest of the prophet
Sources of authority:
‘Moses…went to Pharaoh and said, ‘Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, “Let my people go”.’ (Exodus 5:1) / ‘Moses stretched out his hand over the sea. The Lord drove the sea back’ (Exodus 14:21) / ‘The Lord said to Moses, “I am going to come to you in a dense cloud, in order that the peop will hear when I speak with you, and so trust you ever after”.’ (Exodus 19:9) / ‘Never since has there arisen a prophet in Israel like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face. He was unequalled for all the signs and wonders that the Lord sent him to perform…’ (Deuteronomy 34:10-11) / ‘Do not steal’ (Ten Commandments) / the Ten Commandments are the basis of Jewish law (mitzvot, beliefs), etc. Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the beliefs given.
Q1.5: ‘Belief in a Messiah is no longer important for Jews.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • refer to Jewish teaching • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Q2 Judaism: Practices
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view [Plus SPaG 3 mar and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support:
Concept of Messiah belongs to the world of the Jewish scriptures / linked to kings / and to the longin for Israel to be a great nation again / this not relevant in today’s world / Jews living in countries such UK see themselves as part of those nations / their main concern is how to be faithful to the demands the Torah in their daily lives / many Jews are no longer practising / many are atheist / so they have n belief in a Messiah / for some Jews, the Holocaust destroyed hope of a Messiah, etc.
Arguments in support of other views:
Belief in a Messiah is a key belief of many Jews / some Jews on their way to the death chambers chanted ‘I believe with perfect faith in the coming of the Messiah’ (Maimonides) / many believe that t Messiah will rebuild the Temple / and set up his kingdom in Jerusalem / all Jews will return to Israel live under his rule / Pesach ends with the words ‘Next year in Jerusalem’ / look forward to age of pea and justice / many Reform Jews think of the Messiah as a symbolic figure / reminding Jews of their d to work together to create a world of peace and harmony / nation will not take up sword against natio NB The beliefs of Reform Jews may be used on either side of the debate or both. Q2 Judaism: Practices
Q2.1: At which one of the following stages of life does the ceremony of Brit Milah usually
take place?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Birth B Becoming a teenager C Reaching adulthood D Marriage
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: A Birth
Q2.2: Give two reasons why the oral law (Talmud) is important for Jews.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority It interprets the Torah / contains the mitzvot / contains the Amidah / contains the wisdom of centuries Jewish teachers / helps Jews understand how the mitzvot apply in today’s world / gives guidance for every aspect of daily life / Jews must follow the oral law / it comes from God / some of it was taught t
Q2.3: Explain two ways in which celebrating Rosh Hashanah influences the lives of Jews.
Question 2 continues on the next page
Answer:
influences on individuals, communities and societies To be a ‘detailed explanation’, the ‘influence’ of the way must be included. The start of the Jewish New Year / Jews wish each other a ‘sweet new year’ / ‘may you be inscribed and sealed for a good new year’, etc. It is a celebration of God’s kingship / a time for resolving to live in accordance with his will, etc. They eat special foods to remind them of the sweetness of the time / eg sweet carrots, apples dipped honey / a fish head shows the desire for good deeds to flourish, etc. They throw breadcrumbs into running water as a symbol of throwing away their sins (taschlich) / they resolve to lead better lives than in the past, etc. It is known as a Day of Judgement / the shofar is blown 100 times in the synagogue / Jews use the festival and the next ten days as an opportunity to apologise for any hurts they have caused others / time for repentance and reconciliation, etc. It is a time for doing charity work / volunteering, etc.
Q2.4: Explain two ways in which the religious features inside a synagogue are important
for Jews. Refer to scripture or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark The bimah / is a raised platform from which the Torah is read / a key part of the Shabbat Saturday morning service / the whole of the Torah is read over the course of the year / the Bar Mitzvah boy rea his portion of the Torah from the bimah / it is a reminder of the altar in the Temple, etc. The ark (aron hakodesh) / houses the Torah scrolls / it is especially holy / covered with a curtain / a reminder of the Holy of Holies and Ark of the Covenant in the Temple / a raised area, showing God’s The ner tamid (ever-burning light) / location of God’s divine presence (Shekhinah) / reminds Jews of God’s divine presence / it is a reminder of the ever-burning menorah in the Temple / it encourages a sense of awe in the presence of God / a symbol because there are no images of God, etc. NB: Allow reference to Torah, menorah, no images of God or humans, Star of David, Ten Commandments, separate seating (on separate sides or women’s gallery), symbols in windows, etc. Allow one mark for correct naming of a key feature.
Sources of authority:
Do not make carved images (Ten Commandments) / just as the altar was in the centre of the Temple courtyard, so the bimah should be in the centre of the synagogue (Talmud) / the ancient synagogue Alexandria’s bimah was in the centre (Talmud) / ‘he brought the ark into the tabernacle, and set up th curtain for screening’(Exodus 40:21) / ‘be aware before whom you stand (Talmud)’ / ‘Aaron and his sons shall tend it (i.e. the lamp) from evening to morning before the Lord’ (Exodus 27:21) / the story o the miracle of the oil celebrated at Hanukkah and told in 1 Maccabees, etc. Accept all other sources of authority that correctly support the ways given.
Q2.5: ‘Jewish mourning rituals (customs) are more about helping those who have lost a
loved one than about the person who has died.’ Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • refer to Jewish teaching • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Question . number .
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226G8063/2Y
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view [Plus SPaG 3 mar and understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. relevant evidence and information.
Arguments in support:
From the moment of death until the burial, the bereaved are exempt from all religious duties (such a saying the Shema) / words of condolence at the end of the burial service / meal of condolence provi by relatives and friends after the burial / during the seven days of Shiva, friends and neighbours com to make up the minyan for prayer services / meals brought in / comfort given / at end of Shiva friend and family take mourners for a short walk to symbolise re-entry into the world / some Jews do not believe in life after death, so the rituals have no concern with the dead person, etc.
Arguments in support of other views:
Respect for the dead person central throughout the period of mourning / the washing of the body to purify it / a short burial service in which the rabbi speaks about the dead person / the ‘God full of compassion’ prayer asks for mercy for the dead person / special service at the end of the 30 days’ mourning period in which people speak about the dead person / ceremony to place the gravestone f the dead person to be remembered / on anniversary of death and during High Holidays, visits made the grave / Yahrzeit candle lit on anniversary of death, etc. NB: This is a question about the purpose of mourning rituals. References to life after death must be focused on the question if they are to be given credit. This relates ‘to the person who has died’, so material relating to the care of the dying is irrelevan and may not receive credit.