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June 2020
Q1.1: Which one of the following is one of the five roots of Usul ad-Din?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Being resurrected B Giving Charity C Praying Salah D Visiting the Ka’aba
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: A Being resurrected
Q1.2: Give two reasons why the prophet Ibrahim is important in Islam.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Re-established Tawhid and key beliefs / passed on the scripture to his followers / ensured justice and fairness within society / enjoined good and forbade evil / warned them about the Akhirah / showed great faith in Allah by completing the tests, eg sacrificing his son / friend of God, etc / built the Ka’aba / Hajj is linked back to Ibrahim / showed people a way of life, etc.
Q1.3: Explain two ways in which the authority of the Qur’an influences Muslims today.
Answer:
influence on individuals, communities and societies To be a ‘detailed explanation’ the ‘influence’ of the way must be included. • It teaches them how to live a good life and so Muslims will abide by this. This includes doing good actions and carrying out their duty to God by praying and completing the Five Pillars, etc. • They will not commit shirk as this is a grave sin. Examples of this are also creditworthy, eg idolising, drawing pictures, bowing to idols, etc. • It will stop them from committing evil deeds, eg killing, lying, stealing as the Qur’an warns of the punishment for such action / ‘A life for a life.’ (5:45), etc. • They will read it daily as it brings reward and blessing / ‘The reward of reciting one letter of the Qur’an is equal to 10 rewards.’ (Hadith). • They fulfil the rights of others and try to become good Muslims, as this is what the Qur’an • They help the oppressed and those in need / as the Prophet Muhammad did. • They will donate to charitable causes as the Qur’an emphasises the importance of looking after the weak and vulnerable, etc.
Q1.4: Explain two Muslim beliefs about the nature of God.
Refer to sacred writings or another source of Muslim belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Muslim belief and teaching – 1 mark • Muslims believe Allah is one, unique and eternal – Surah 112. • Muslims believe Allah is transcendent and he is a being outside of time which means he can never be fully understood, ‘The transcendent, the superior.’ (59:23). • He has 99 names / qualities, some of which are mentioned in the Qur’an “The most beautiful names belong to Allah: so call on Him by them.” (Quran, 7:180). • These included Al-Ghaffar (the most forgiving), Muslims will thus turn to Allah to ask forgiveness after the daily prayers or when they have committed a sin. • As-Salaam (the ultimate source of peace). Muslims believe that it is only by connecting with Allah that they will find true peace. ‘Only with the remembrance of Allah do the hearts find peace.’ • Ar-Rahman (merciful) and Ar-Rahim (compassionate). Allah will forgive those who sincerely repent / Muslims will recite these words before starting anything. • Allah is just and fair (Adalat). He will judge humans for their actions and reward and punish them accordingly. (99:7), etc.
Q1.5: ‘For Muslims, this life is more important than life after death.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • refer to Muslim teaching • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • reach a justified conclusion.
[SPaG 3 marks]
Extra space
Q2 Islam: Practices
Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view [SPaG 3 marks] significance and influence understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. evidence and information.
Arguments in support.
• This life will determine what happens in the next as Muslims will be judged on their actions. • This life is all that they have control over. • After people die, their book of deeds is closed / and so their future is decided, making this life • This is the only real life that people have and it is more important because people can unite to make the world a better place, eg helping others, removing injustice, etc. • Both this life and the afterlife are equally important as the Qur’an teaches Muslims to pray for good in both. ‘Our Lord! Grant us good in this world and good in the hereafter, and save us from the chastisement of the fire.’ (2:201), etc.
Arguments in support of other views
• The afterlife is more important as it is eternal. ‘And the Hereafter is better for you than the first • The prophet Muhammad emphasised the importance of the afterlife over this life in numerous hadith / ‘This world is a prison for the believer.’ • This life is a test and so the reward is the afterlife, making it more important. • The afterlife and reaching paradise is the ultimate goal for many Muslims making it more • All injustices will be resolved in the afterlife / as Allah will judge everyone for their deeds. • People will be reunited with family and loved ones in the afterlife, making it more important. • The afterlife gives this life more focus / and ensures Muslims live a good life on earth, etc. [Plus SPaG 3 marks] Q2 Islam: Practices
Q2.1: Which one of the following is not performed during the Hajj?
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A Circling the Ka’aba B Celebrating Ashura C Standing at Arafat D Stoning the Devil
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Answer: B Celebrating Ashura
Q2.2: Give two of the Ten Obligatory Acts in Shi’a Islam.
Question 2 continues on the next page
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority • Salah (prayer). • Sawm (fasting). • Zakah (charity). • Khums (20% charity given in addition to zakah). • Hajj (pilgrimage). • Jihad (struggle). • Amr-Bil-Maroof (directing towards good). • Nahi Anil-Munkar (forbidding evil). • Tawalla (love towards good). • Tabarra (hatred towards those who oppose Allah).
Q2.3: Explain two contrasting ways in which Muslims may perform Salah.
Answer:
similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs • Some Muslims will perform wudu and cleanse themselves both physically and spiritually, those that cannot find water may perform tayyammum (using the earth in place of water). • Some Muslims may pray at home whereas others may pray at the mosque or in congregation. In a hadith the prophet Muhammad said ‘Salah in congregation is 25 times more superior than salah • Some women may decide to pray at home as this is in keeping with some prophetic traditions whereas others would attend the mosque – especially for the Jummah prayer (Hadith). • Sunni Muslims will pray on any clean place regardless of the material. ‘The prophet Muhammad said ‘the earth was created pure so pray on it’. (Hadith). • Shi’a Muslims will pray on any natural material eg clay and stone. Some may put a stone down to prostrate upon. They will avoid any artificial material especially when prostrating. • Shi’a Muslims will combine the evening prayers and pray at three different times. Sunni Muslims will pray at 5 distinct times. • Some Muslims will fold their arms during salah and others will not. This difference is apparent both within Sunni and Shi’a schools of thought / other difference may include the slight variations of actions / the saying of Amen audibly or silently, etc.
Q2.4: Explain two reasons why the Night of Power is important for Muslims.
Refer to sacred writings or another source of Muslim belief and teaching in your answer.
Answer:
beliefs, practices and sources of authority Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Muslim belief and teaching – 1 mark • Muslims believe this is the night in which the Qur’an was revealed. ‘Indeed, We sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Decree’ (97:1). • The reward for praying during this night is equivalent to worship of 1000 months. (The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months (97:3). • Muslims believe that Allah will forgive their sins on this night and so will use this night to reflect on their life and ask for forgiveness. • The destiny of the coming year is decided on this night / and so Muslims pray for themselves and their loved ones. • The prophet would sit in Itikaaf (solitude in the mosque) during the last 10 nights in order to find this night. This shows the importance of this event. • The angels descend onto the earth during this night and spread peace. ‘The angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for every matter.’ 97:4), etc.
Q2.5: ‘For Muslims, the best way to serve Allah is by giving charity.’
Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • refer to Muslim teaching • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • reach a justified conclusion.
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Answer:
In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view significance and influence understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. evidence and information.
Arguments in support
• Charity is considered as one of the Five Pillars / 10 Obligatory Acts and fundamental to being a Muslim / in the Qur’an (17:26 ). Muslims learn that they will be judged by how they helped those • The Qur’an emphasises the giving of charity. ‘And establish prayer and give zakah, and whatever good you put forward for yourselves – you will find it with Allah. Indeed, Allah is seeing of what you do’. (2:110). • Charity is the only pillar that helps others / and in numerous Hadith the Prophet emphasised the importance of serving others so that Muslims may serve Allah. • ‘None of you can be a true believer (in Allah) until you love for your brother what you love for yourself.’ (Hadith) / This shows that true service to Allah is only through serving your fellow
Arguments in support of other views
• Charity is not a direct service to Allah, rather to his people / there are more direct ways to serve Allah e.g. Shahadah, hajj. • Although giving charity is important, some Muslims may live in poverty themselves and may not be able to help others. • Praying to him 5 times a day shows service directly to Allah / as this worship is solely for him. • Fasting during the month of Ramadan shows true service as one goes through physical and mental barriers in order to please and serve Allah. • Giving charity is easy for the wealthy and may mean that they neglect other duties like fasting • Partaking in religious festivals / bringing children up to be good Muslims / serving parents / reading and following the Qur’an. • There are no ‘best’ ways to serve Allah / as all actions lead to God. What may be best for some may not be best for others as each individual has his/her own way, etc.