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June 2020

Q1.1: Which one of the following is a Jewish belief about God?

Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer. A God is human. B God is many. C God is One. D God is three.

Answer:

beliefs, practices and sources of authority. Answer: C: God is One

Q1.2: Give two reasons why Abraham is important to Jews.

Answer:

beliefs, practices and sources of authority. Chosen by God / covenant / founding father / role model / showed absolute faith in God / passes tests set by God / Promised Land / prophet (messenger) / symbolic of nation of Israel, etc.

Q1.3: Explain two ways in which belief in the mitzvot between man and man influences

Jews today.

Answer:

influence on individuals, communities and societies. To be a ‘detailed explanation’ the ‘influence’ of the way must be included. • This belief lends itself to living by the key Principles of justice, charity, healing the world and kindness to others / so Jewish people might carry out all these principles in their daily life / eg give to charity / eg always behave in a just manner / etc. • These mitzvot were given by God / so they will obey them / in order to please God / fulfil their duty to God and the covenants. • They might treat others more kindly / live through ‘Love thy neighbour’ (Leviticus). • They might work for justice for others / eg delivering legal aid / eg protest or campaign for the oppressed in the world. • They might live a very environmentally friendly life / eg reuse, recycle / respecting God’s creation. • Even secular Jews could follow these mitzvot / as they are about daily life.

Q1.4: Explain two Jewish beliefs about the covenant with Moses at Sinai.

Refer to sacred writings or another source of Jewish belief and teaching in your answer.

Answer:

beliefs, practices and sources of authority. Relevant and accurate reference to sacred writing or another source of Jewish belief and teaching – 1 mark • Sinai covenant was between God and the Israelites / told to Moses (Exodus 19:3 – And Moses went up to God). • Exodus 19:3-6 – God tells Moses to remind the Israelites what God has done for them, and that they are God’s chosen people – a ‘nation of religious leaders, a holy people’. • Includes the law – Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:1-20) and 613 mitzvot; Moses seen as ‘great • At Sinai, Moses received the Ten Commandments carved on stone tablets (given twice) / the key laws for the Israelites to follow / which encapsulate all mitzvot. • At Sinai, Moses received the 613 mitzvot / which were recorded in the Torah / these cover all aspects of life / Orthodox Jews (especially) see the keeping of these as crucial to the well-being of each individual and the Jewish nation as a whole. • God agreed to bless the Israelites (chosen people) / ensuring they always had enough food through good crops etc / whilst they agreed to keep God’s laws (mitzvot) (Deuteronomy 11:13- • Failing to keep the covenant would lead to God’s anger / shown through weather which prevented crops (Deuteronomy 11:16-17), etc.

Q1.5: ‘For Jews, justice is the most important of the moral principles.’

Evaluate this statement. In your answer you should: • refer to Jewish teaching • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view • reach a justified conclusion.

[SPaG 3 marks]

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Answer:

In your answer you should: • give reasoned arguments to support this statement • give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view [SPaG 3 marks] understanding of relevant evidence and information. References to religion applied to the issue. relevant evidence and information. Clear reference to religion. evidence and information. evidence and arguments must be credited.

Arguments in support

• In today’s world, there is much injustice / everyone should work to right that / eg by helping the • Justice leads to equality / or at least better conditions and situations for more people / eg by helping end conflicts and regaining rights for the victims of conflict. • Justice is two-fold / tzedakah / includes charity / as a person reduces their wealth by giving charity, so they raise the situation of another / ‘tzedekah is one word that has the power to change the world’ - (Rabbi Sachs). • If a person acts with justice / God will judge them justly. • If a country resolves issues of injustice in its society / this will bring peace / as no one will be disadvantaged or in need or oppressed, etc.

Arguments in support of other views

• There are three key principles / all must be equal. • Jews are instructed to ‘do what the Lord requires of you: only do justice, love kindness and walk humbly with God’ (Micah 6:8) / so justice cannot be the most important as it is part of a list. • Loving kindness (chesed) is the most important / as this leads to physically helping anyone / and it brings happiness to both giver and receiver / builds relationships / encourages justice / underpins Tikkun Olam / anyone can carry out acts of loving kindness as they require no power only positive attitude / ‘The world is built on chesed’ (Psalm 89:3) / Torah, service to God and chesed are three pillars of the world (Pirkei). • Tikkun olam is most important / as it is about reconciliation, healing the world / Tikkun olam For arguments to support other views, allow reference to any other moral principles that apply to Judaism e.g. Pikuach Nefesh, sanctity of life etc. [Plus SPaG 3 marks]